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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Патология кровообращения и кардиохирургия</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1681-3472</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-3119</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21688/1681-3472-2026-2-55-66</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Внешняя валидация и калибровка моделей риска при изолированном коронарном шунтировании: систематический обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>External validation and calibration of risk models in isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арутюнян</surname><given-names>Л.А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arutyunyan,</surname><given-names>Lusine A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5350-8426</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалаев</surname><given-names>С.В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalaev</surname><given-names>Sergei V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-4016</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цирятьева</surname><given-names>С.Б.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsiryatieva</surname><given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3881-2851</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кремнева</surname><given-names>Л.В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kremneva</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6331-1218</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останина</surname><given-names>В.В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostanina</surname><given-names>Vladlena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6635-8047</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаибова</surname><given-names>Р.Т.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaibova</surname><given-names>Rina T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-0866</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартыненко</surname><given-names>М.В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynenko</surname><given-names>Maksim V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4003-6377</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><city xml:lang="en">Tyumen</city><country xml:lang="en">Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ ТО «Областная клиническая больница № 1», Тюмень, Российская Федерация</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Тюмень</city><country xml:lang="ru">Российская Федерация</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Тюменской области «Областная клиническая больница № 1»</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Тюмень</city><country xml:lang="ru">Российская Федерация</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-10"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-22"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:title="CC BY 4.0"><ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref><license-p xml:lang="ru">CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.meshalkin.ru/index.php/heartjournal/article/view/1395" xlink:title="https://journal.meshalkin.ru/index.php/heartjournal/article/view/1395">https://journal.meshalkin.ru/index.php/heartjournal/article/view/1395</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-9fcf40d2-4955-404e-be9c-4554416f718c.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Госпитальная летальность при изолированном коронарном шунтировании сегодня низкая, но заметно различается между центрами и странами. Предоперационная оценка риска определяет маршрутизацию пациента, информированное согласие и сопоставление качества помощи. Поскольку с 2018 г. изменились хирургическая техника, периоперационное ведение и профиль пациентов, модели риска, построенные на когортах прежних лет, теряют калибровку и нуждаются в повторной проверке в современных условиях. 
Цель. Оценить внешнюю валидность и калибровку моделей EuroSCORE II и модели Общества торакальных хирургов (STS Score) для краткосрочной летальности у взрослых пациентов после изолированного коронарного шунтирования в современных условиях. 
Методы. Проведен систематический поиск в PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus и Web of Science с ограничениями по годам (2018–2025) и языку (английский). Включались оригинальные исследования внешней валидации у пациентов с изолированным коронарным шунтированием либо работы с четко выделяемой подгруппой; конечные точки – госпитальная летальность или 30-дневная выживаемость. Извлекались показатели различающей способности (AUC) и калибровки (отношение «наблюдаемая/ожидаемая» летальность, p-значение теста Хосмера – Лемешоу, наклон и интерсепт калибровки при наличии). Скрининг и извлечение данных выполнялись независимо двумя рецензентами; при отсутствии значений в первоисточниках они помечались как «нет данных». Риск систематической ошибки оценен с помощью Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). 
Результаты. В обзор включено девять исследований из Европы, Азии и Латинской Америки (объем выборок – 438–14 118). Различающая способность варьировала от умеренной до высокой: для EuroSCORE II – AUC 0,55–0,90 (в крупнейших когортах – 0,82–0,90), для STS Score – AUC 0,65–0,88. Калибровка оказалась неоднородной: выявлена переоценка риска у молодых пациентов и в низких категориях риска (например, общее отношение «наблюдаемая/ожидаемая» летальность (O/E) 0,58, у пациентов &lt;60 лет O/E 0,26) и недооценка у пожилых пациентов, при операциях на искусственном кровообращении и в ряде неевропейских популяций (до O/E 4,2). В отдельных исследованиях локальная корректировка калибровки улучшала согласие прогноза с наблюдаемыми исходами. 
Заключение. В современных сериях изолированного коронарного шунтирования EuroSCORE II и STS Score остаются полезными для ранжирования риска, однако рекомендуется проверка калибровки на уровне центра и при необходимости простая перекалибровка. Также рекомендуется регулярный аудит отношения «наблюдаемая/ожидаемая» летальность и стратифицированная верификация в ключевых подгруппах.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>Introduction: In-hospital mortality after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting is now low, yet it differs markedly between centers and countries. Preoperative risk estimates guide patient routing, informed consent, and quality benchmarking. Because surgical technique, perioperative care, and patient profiles have shifted since 2018, risk models built on earlier cohorts lose calibration and call for re-examination in current practice. 
Objective: To assess contemporary external validity and calibration of EuroSCORE II and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk model (STS) for shortterm mortality in adults undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science restricted to 2018–2025 and English-language publications. Eligible records were original external validations in isolated coronary artery bypass grafting or studies with a clearly reported subgroup; endpoints were inhospital mortality or 30-day survival. We extracted discrimination (area under the ROC curve) and calibration metrics (observed-to-expected mortality ratio, Hosmer – Lemeshow p-value, calibration slope and intercept when available). Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers; unreported metrics were recorded as “not reported”. Risk of bias was assessed using Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). 
Results: Nine studies from Europe, Asia, and Latin America were included (sample sizes 438–14,118). Discrimination ranged from modest to high: for EuroSCORE II AUC 0.55–0.90 (0.82–0.90 in the largest cohorts); for the STS model AUC 0.65–0.88. Calibration was heterogeneous: overestimation in low-risk and younger patients (e.g., overall observed-to-expected ratio 0.58; 0.26 in patients &lt;60 years) contrasted with underestimation in older adults, in procedures with cardiopulmonary bypass, and in several non-European populations. In some reports, simple centre-specific recalibration improved agreement between predicted and observed outcomes. 
Conclusion: In contemporary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, EuroSCORE II and the STS model remain useful for risk ranking but centrelevel calibration checks and – when indicated – straightforward recalibration are recommended. Regular auditing of observed-to-expected mortality and stratified verification in key subgroups is also recommended.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внешняя валидация</kwd><kwd>госпитальная летальность</kwd><kwd>калибровка</kwd><kwd>кардиохирургия</kwd><kwd>коронарное шунтирование</kwd><kwd>оценка риска</kwd><kwd>прогностические модели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>calibration</kwd><kwd>cardiac surgery</kwd><kwd>coronary artery bypass</kwd><kwd>external validation</kwd><kwd>hospital mortality</kwd><kwd>prognostic models</kwd><kwd>risk assessment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study did not have sponsorship.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Семченко А.Н., Зайцев И.В., Шевченко А.М., Семченко А.В. 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